Art as a way to live the genetic revolution
or, "auto-eugenism", a new relation to be even.





Genetics contributes to the over-signification of the body, a body which malleability in our society becomes a cliché. As David Lebreton explains : "the body is not only, in our contemporary societies, the assignation to an intangible identity, the irreductible incarnation of the subject, its being to the world, but a construction, an autharity of connection, a , a transitory and manipulated object, capable of many (appariements)" (1).

The (unesco), in its universal declaration on the human (genome) (2) warns the USA that if : "... the researches on the human (genome) and their applications opens great perspectives of improvement for the individual health but also for the entire humanity, ... they must, at the same time, fully respect the dignity, the liberty and the human rights, without forgetting the interdiction of any form of discrimination based on genetic characteritics". The twenty five articles that constitute this declaration define the frame in which should develop this ethical reflexion and the actions connected with scientific and technical progresses in the domain of biology and of genetics.

This declaretion reasserts that their using must respect the human rights and his fondamental liberties. The existence of this declaration, even if it proves that different States have already taken a responsible position in front of these questions, is obviously not enough to forewarn humanity of the possible consequences of our unforeseeable use of these sciences. For sure this declaration will not be applied because it never happens at a planetary level. Moreover, the moral consciousness and the collective values of group of men at a precise period, are less induced by the official texts than by the immediat profit, the reality of their environment (cultural, social, historical, geographical).

It is about high time to create an art for living this technological revolution. Time to imagine in full details all the possibilities to live our future post-human body, by anticipating it (at maximum) and by imagining the unthinkable.Anticipating future situations through fictions, experiencing new tools in order to communicate on the issues of these sciences to the largest number ,would contribute to prevent these scientific "progresses"from escaping our control and from anarchically disrupting our relation to our body and that of the others.

It id a context in which art can play an important role : to be a critical and suspicious observer who proposes meaningless utopias to his contemporaries. Stephane Baron has a good definition of this quality of art when he says : "...Art conceptualise and expresses the utopias, and paradoxically, art is also a place for resistance..." (3).

Finding an alternative to the increase of the distance between our body and ourself, would help us to apprehend with serenity and a responsible attitude the changes that are to come. At the level of the individual, our apprehension or disinterest in these mutant questions maybe due to a lack of mastering and analysis of these matters of body modifications. To overpass them, we have to imagine and expierence ways of living the different and potential consequences of the our new powers over life. Making people individually feel responsible for these questions would be a first step in the imagining of a new art of living our future mutations, our choices and post-biological constraints. We have already established the dangerous et morbid nature of eugenics which, under the name of science, holds up to ridicule the fondamental right of the individuals to (make use of) their bodies. What's the difference with "auto-eugenics" ?

Wonderings : What are we going to do ? When, how and to what extent are we able to mutate ? The aims ? are at the origin of this notion. Auto-eugenics represents our individual viewpoint and the expression of the limits to impose to our soon coming genetic choices, everyone on his own body.

Now we must ask ourselve several questions highlighted by this term because the revolution of life is nearly coming and has already happened. What is the distance that still prevents us from the "Self-genetics Home-lab" and its lovely user instructions : "How to enjoy your mutations in daily life" or "The good mutations for your child" ? (4) In his "Letter on the blinds to those who see", Diderot supposes the influence of our senses over our morality. In the world of the Neuromancier by W. Gibson, one can modify his senses and his physical abilities just thanks to a blue card. If we transpose the hypothesis of Diderot in the world of the Neuromancier, we can ask if this power on our body could be a power on our morality. Would our personal ethics be more evolutive, thus radically transforming our relation to ourselve and to the others ?

It is the case for example in "the Hollow Man" by Paul Verhoeven, the faculty of being invisible destructs in the human (cobaye ) his respect for the body of the others, and even committs to murdering and raping. This destruction of the bodies of the others that surround him is provoked by the traumatism that he suffers because he has lost his own body. By losing the representation of our self, we are also losing the references that constitute our universe, our (interface) with the"non self". In "the Invisible Man" by Carpenter, the difficulties encountered by the hero whose body has been altered, can be obviously noticed when he cannot find his mouth to feed himself.

If our body could play a role in the construction of our moralty, then, in a future, in which we could have the opportunity of transforming our perceptions, just as Gibson anticipates it, " Kits of Bio configuration" might exist.

That of a phlosopher could be made of :
- booster of wit
- memery booster
- plug-in 30 different languages
- plug-in for comprehension & simultaneous data storage
- wonderful socio-geo-ethno data base

That of a murederer :
- plug-in nocturn and running vision
- plug-in silent move
- speed booster : agility / flexibility
- plug-in martial arts
- sevral weapon-implants

Then, depending on the daily mood, philosophical or murdering, after the shower we would just have to plug the right kit. The body is a common and federating place. Its characteristics gathers or separates groups of individuals through means of needs, limits and of common or different intersts. The nature of our body and the way we manage it are very signicant in our social behaviour. How these behaviours would evoluate if there were more and more different bio-plugged bodies with heterogeneous attributes and abilities. The risks we are taking are proportionnal to our potential actions. The rise of those we practice on our body, can confront us with miracles but also horrors. We must prepare ourselve to apprehend from an ethical and ecological viewpoint the revolution started by bio-sciences. If the individual sensibilisation to these questions is a first step, then art may be a way to reach it.

(1) David Lebreton is an anthropologist, Professor at the University Marc Bloch, Strasbourg II. This text is taken from the introduction written for the catalogue of the exhibition "Le corps mutant" organised in 2991 by the Enrico Navarra Galery.
(2) The General Conference of (unesco), during its 27 th session, on the eleventh of november 1997, has ratified, unanimously and by acclamation, the Universal Declaration on the (genom) and the rights of the human person. It has been completed with the resolution 29 C/17 dealing with its application. http://www.unesco.org/ibc/fr/genome/
(3) Stéphane Baron is an artist and teaches in Montpellier. "Technoromantisme" is to be published at the editions DISVOIR
(4) To be published at Chez postscripthomme ( Editeur Officiel des Bio-fraudes : Official Editor of the Bio-tricks)